6. Brahmasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Paṭhamavaggo

1. Brahmāyācanasuttaṃ



梵天相应
第一品
梵天请法经

172. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhamūle paṭhamābhisambuddho. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘adhigato kho myāyaṃ dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo. Ālayarāmā kho panāyaṃ pajā ālayaratā ālayasammuditā. Ālayarāmāya kho pana pajāya ālayaratāya ālayasammuditāya duddasaṃ idaṃ ṭhānaṃ yadidaṃ idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo. Idampi kho ṭhānaṃ duddasaṃ yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ; pare ca me na ājāneyyuṃ; so mamassa kilamatho, sā mamassa vihesā’’ti. Apissu bhagavantaṃ imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṃsu pubbe assutapubbā –

‘‘Kicchena me adhigataṃ, halaṃ dāni pakāsituṃ;

Rāgadosaparetehi, nāyaṃ dhammo susambudho.

‘‘Paṭisotagāmiṃ nipuṇaṃ, gambhīraṃ duddasaṃ aṇuṃ;

Rāgarattā na dakkhanti, tamokhandhena āvuṭā’’ti [tamokkhandhena āvutāti (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)].

Itiha bhagavato paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṃ namati, no dhammadesanāya.

Atha kho brahmuno sahampatissa bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya etadahosi – ‘‘nassati vata bho loko, vinassati vata bho loko, yatra hi nāma tathāgatassa arahato sammāsambuddhassa appossukkatāya cittaṃ namati [namissati (?)], no dhammadesanāyā’’ti. Atha kho brahmā sahampati – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ [sammiñjitaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – brahmaloke antarahito bhagavato purato pāturahosi. Atha kho brahmā sahampati ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā dakkhiṇajāṇumaṇḍalaṃ pathaviyaṃ nihantvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘desetu, bhante, bhagavā dhammaṃ, desetu sugato dhammaṃ. Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti. Bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro’’ti. Idamavoca brahmā sahampati, idaṃ vatvā athāparaṃ etadavoca –

‘‘Pāturahosi magadhesu pubbe,

Dhammo asuddho samalehi cintito;

Apāpuretaṃ [avāpuretaṃ (sī.)] amatassa dvāraṃ,

Suṇantu dhammaṃ vimalenānubuddhaṃ.

‘‘Sele yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito,

Yathāpi passe janataṃ samantato;

Tathūpamaṃ dhammamayaṃ sumedha,

Pāsādamāruyha samantacakkhu;

Sokāvatiṇṇaṃ [sokāvakiṇṇaṃ (sī.)] janatamapetasoko,

Avekkhassu jātijarābhibhūtaṃ.

‘‘Uṭṭhehi vīra vijitasaṅgāma,

Satthavāha anaṇa [aṇaṇa (rūpasiddhiṭīkā)] vicara loke;

Desassu [desetu (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.)] bhagavā dhammaṃ,

Aññātāro bhavissantī’’ti.

Atha kho bhagavā brahmuno ca ajjhesanaṃ viditvā sattesu ca kāruññataṃ paṭicca buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokesi. Addasā kho bhagavā buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye, appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante, appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvine [dassāvino (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] viharante. Seyyathāpi nāma uppaliniyaṃ vā paduminiyaṃ vā puṇḍarīkiniyaṃ vā appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakānuggatāni anto nimuggaposīni, appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni samodakaṃ ṭhitāni, appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakā accuggamma ṭhitāni [tiṭṭhanti (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] anupalittāni udakena; evameva bhagavā buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento addasa satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye, appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante, appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante. Disvāna brahmānaṃ sahampatiṃ gāthāya paccabhāsi –

‘‘Apārutā tesaṃ amatassa dvārā,

Ye sotavanto pamuñcantu saddhaṃ;

Vihiṃsasaññī paguṇaṃ na bhāsiṃ,

Dhammaṃ paṇītaṃ manujesu brahme’’ti.


172. 如是我闻：一时，世尊住在乌鲁维罗（Uruvelā）尼连禅河（Nerañjarā）岸边的阿阇波罗尼拘律树（Ajapāla-nigrodha）下，初成正觉。那时，世尊独处静坐，心中生起如是思惟："我所证得的法甚深、难见、难悟，寂静、精妙、超越寻思境界、微妙、为智者所能体验。然而，这些众生乐着执著，喜欢执著，欢喜执著。对于乐着执著、喜欢执著、欢喜执著的众生来说，此处甚难理解，即是此缘性、缘起法。此处也甚难理解，即是一切行的止息、一切依的舍离、爱尽、离欲、灭、涅槃。若我说法，他人不能了解，那只会令我疲劳，令我烦恼。"
于是，世尊心中浮现这些前所未闻的偈颂：
"我所证得甚为艰难，何必现在为人宣说；
为贪嗔所缠之人，此法难以善悟。
逆流而上微妙法，甚深难见极其细；
贪爱之人不能见，为黑暗所笼罩。"
如是，世尊思惟后，心倾向于少事，不欲说法。
这时，大梵天王知道了世尊心中的思惟，便想道："世间真是要毁灭了，世间真是要灭亡了，如来、阿罗汉、正等正觉者的心竟倾向于少事，不欲说法。"
于是，大梵天王犹如力士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样迅速，在梵界消失，出现在世尊面前。大梵天王偏袒右肩，右膝着地，向世尊合掌，对世尊如是说："世尊，请说法！善逝，请说法！有些众生尘垢轻微，若不闻法则会退失。将会有能了知法的人。"
大梵天王说了这些话后，又说了以下偈颂：
"从前在摩揭陀（Magadha）出现，
不净之法为污染者所思；
请开启甘露之门，
让他们听闻无垢者所觉悟之法。
如站立在山顶的磐石上，
能够看到四周的民众；
同样地，智者啊，请登上
法所成就的宫殿，无所不见者；
请观察陷入忧愁的民众，超越忧愁者啊，
请看那被生老所征服的人们。
请起身吧，英雄，战争的胜利者，
商队的领袖，无债者，请游行于世间；
世尊啊，请说法，
将会有了知者。"
于是，世尊知道了梵天的请求，又悲悯众生，以佛眼观察世间。世尊以佛眼观察世间时，看到有些众生尘垢轻微，有些众生尘垢深重，有些根器锐利，有些根器钝弱，有些善相，有些恶相，有些易度化，有些难度化，有些能见后世过患而生怖畏，有些不能见后世过患而生怖畏。
譬如在青莲池、红莲池或白莲池中，有些青莲、红莲或白莲生于水中、长于水中、不出水面、沉在水下；有些青莲、红莲或白莲生于水中、长于水中、与水面齐平；有些青莲、红莲或白莲生于水中、长于水中、超出水面而住，不为水所沾污。
同样地，世尊以佛眼观察世间，看到有些众生尘垢轻微，有些众生尘垢深重，有些根器锐利，有些根器钝弱，有些善相，有些恶相，有些易度化，有些难度化，有些能见后世过患而生怖畏，有些不能见后世过患而生怖畏。
看到这一切后，世尊以偈颂回答大梵天王：
"为他们打开了甘露之门，
让有耳者舍弃疑惑；
我本因预见困扰而不说，
梵天啊，殊胜之法不轻易对人宣说。"


Atha kho brahmā sahampati ‘‘katāvakāso khomhi bhagavatā dhammadesanāyā’’ti bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyīti.

2. Gāravasuttaṃ

173. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhamūle paṭhamābhisambuddho. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘dukkhaṃ kho agāravo viharati appatisso, kaṃ nu khvāhaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā [garukatvā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] upanissāya vihareyya’’nti?

Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi – ‘‘aparipuṇṇassa kho sīlakkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ . Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya attanā sīlasampannataraṃ aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ.

‘‘Aparipuṇṇassa kho samādhikkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake loke…pe… attanā samādhisampannataraṃ aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ.

‘‘Aparipuṇṇassa paññākkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake…pe… attanā paññāsampannataraṃ aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ.

‘‘Aparipuṇṇassa kho vimuttikkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake…pe… attanā vimuttisampannataraṃ aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ.

‘‘Aparipuṇṇassa kho vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya attanā vimuttiñāṇadassanasampannataraṃ aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yvāyaṃ dhammo mayā abhisambuddho tameva dhammaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyya’’nti.

Atha kho brahmā sahampati bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – brahmaloke antarahito bhagavato purato pāturahosi. Atha kho brahmā sahampati ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘evametaṃ , bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata! Yepi te, bhante, ahesuṃ atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā, tepi bhagavanto dhammaññeva sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihariṃsu; yepi te, bhante, bhavissanti anāgatamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā tepi bhagavanto dhammaññeva sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya viharissanti. Bhagavāpi, bhante, etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammaññeva sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya viharatū’’ti. Idamavoca brahmā sahampati, idaṃ vatvā athāparaṃ etadavoca –

‘‘Ye ca atītā sambuddhā, ye ca buddhā anāgatā;

Yo cetarahi sambuddho, bahūnaṃ [bahunnaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] sokanāsano.

‘‘Sabbe saddhammagaruno, vihaṃsu [vihariṃsu (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] viharanti ca;

Tathāpi viharissanti, esā buddhāna dhammatā.

‘‘Tasmā hi attakāmena [atthakāmena (sī. pī. ka.)], mahattamabhikaṅkhatā;

Saddhammo garukātabbo, saraṃ buddhāna sāsana’’nti.

3. Brahmadevasuttaṃ



于是大梵天王想道："世尊已允许我请求说法。"他向世尊礼敬，右绕后，就在那里消失了。
2. 恭敬经
173. 如是我闻：一时，世尊住在乌鲁维罗（Uruvelā）尼连禅河（Nerañjarā）岸边的阿阇波罗尼拘律树（Ajapāla-nigrodha）下，初成正觉。那时，世尊独处**，心中生起如是思惟："不恭敬、不顺从他人而住，实在痛苦。我应当恭敬、尊重哪位沙门或婆罗门，依止他而住呢？"
于是世尊想道："为了圆满未圆满的戒蕴，我应当恭敬、尊重其他沙门或婆罗门，依止他而住。然而，我在天、魔、梵世界中，在沙门、婆罗门、天、人众中，不见有任何沙门或婆罗门在戒的圆满上胜过我，我可以恭敬、尊重他，依止他而住。
为了圆满未圆满的定蕴，我应当恭敬、尊重其他沙门或婆罗门，依止他而住。然而，我在天、魔、梵世界中......不见有任何沙门或婆罗门在定的圆满上胜过我，我可以恭敬、尊重他，依止他而住。
为了圆满未圆满的慧蕴，我应当恭敬、尊重其他沙门或婆罗门，依止他而住。然而，我在天、魔、梵世界中......不见有任何沙门或婆罗门在慧的圆满上胜过我，我可以恭敬、尊重他，依止他而住。
为了圆满未圆满的解脱蕴，我应当恭敬、尊重其他沙门或婆罗门，依止他而住。然而，我在天、魔、梵世界中......不见有任何沙门或婆罗门在解脱的圆满上胜过我，我可以恭敬、尊重他，依止他而住。
为了圆满未圆满的解脱知见蕴，我应当恭敬、尊重其他沙门或婆罗门，依止他而住。然而，我在天、魔、梵世界中，在沙门、婆罗门、天、人众中，不见有任何沙门或婆罗门在解脱知见的圆满上胜过我，我可以恭敬、尊重他，依止他而住。我应当恭敬、尊重我所证悟的法，依止它而住。"
这时，大梵天王知道了世尊心中的思惟，犹如力士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样迅速，在梵界消失，出现在世尊面前。大梵天王偏袒右肩，向世尊合掌，对世尊如是说："确实如此，世尊！确实如此，善逝！世尊，过去的阿罗汉、正等正觉者，也都是恭敬、尊重法而住；世尊，未来的阿罗汉、正等正觉者，也都将恭敬、尊重法而住；世尊，现在的阿罗汉、正等正觉者，也应当恭敬、尊重法而住。"
大梵天王说了这些话后，又说了以下偈颂：
"过去的正等觉者，未来的佛陀，
以及现在的正等觉者，除去众人忧愁。
一切都恭敬正法，过去如此住，现在如此住，
未来也将如此住，这是诸佛的法性。
因此，希求自身利益，渴望伟大成就者，
应当恭敬正法，忆念诸佛的教导。"
3. 梵天子经

174. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarissā brāhmaṇiyā brahmadevo nāma putto bhagavato santike agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti.

Atha kho āyasmā brahmadevo eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘‘Khīṇā jāti , vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā brahmadevo arahataṃ ahosi.

Atha kho āyasmā brahmadevo pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Sāvatthiyaṃ sapadānaṃ piṇḍāya caramāno yena sakamātu nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato brahmadevassa mātā brāhmaṇī brahmuno āhutiṃ niccaṃ paggaṇhāti . Atha kho brahmuno sahampatissa etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho āyasmato brahmadevassa mātā brāhmaṇī brahmuno āhutiṃ niccaṃ paggaṇhāti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ taṃ upasaṅkamitvā saṃvejeyya’’nti. Atha kho brahmā sahampati – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – brahmaloke antarahito āyasmato brahmadevassa mātu nivesane pāturahosi. Atha kho brahmā sahampati vehāsaṃ ṭhito āyasmato brahmadevassa mātaraṃ brāhmaṇiṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –

‘‘Dūre ito brāhmaṇi brahmaloko,

Yassāhutiṃ paggaṇhāsi niccaṃ;

Netādiso brāhmaṇi brahmabhakkho,

Kiṃ jappasi brahmapathaṃ ajānaṃ [ajānantī (sī. pī. ka.)].

‘‘Eso hi te brāhmaṇi brahmadevo,

Nirūpadhiko atidevapatto;

Akiñcano bhikkhu anaññaposī,

Yo te so [te so (sī. pī.), yo te sa (?)] piṇḍāya gharaṃ paviṭṭho.

‘‘Āhuneyyo vedagu bhāvitatto,

Narānaṃ devānañca dakkhiṇeyyo;

Bāhitvā pāpāni anūpalitto,

Ghāsesanaṃ iriyati sītibhūto.

‘‘Na tassa pacchā na puratthamatthi,

Santo vidhūmo anigho nirāso;

Nikkhittadaṇḍo tasathāvaresu,

So tyāhutiṃ bhuñjatu aggapiṇḍaṃ.

‘‘Visenibhūto upasantacitto,

Nāgova danto carati anejo;

Bhikkhu susīlo suvimuttacitto,

So tyāhutiṃ bhuñjatu aggapiṇḍaṃ.

‘‘Tasmiṃ pasannā avikampamānā,

Patiṭṭhapehi dakkhiṇaṃ dakkhiṇeyye;

Karohi puññaṃ sukhamāyatikaṃ,

Disvā muniṃ brāhmaṇi oghatiṇṇa’’nti.

‘‘Tasmiṃ pasannā avikampamānā,

Patiṭṭhapesi dakkhiṇaṃ dakkhiṇeyye;

Akāsi puññaṃ sukhamāyatikaṃ,

Disvā muniṃ brāhmaṇī oghatiṇṇa’’nti.

4. Bakabrahmasuttaṃ



174. 如是我闻：一时，世尊住在舍卫城（Sāvatthī）祇树给孤独园。那时，有一位婆罗门女的儿子名叫梵天（Brahmadeva），已在世尊座下从俗家出家为无家者。
这时，尊者梵天独处、远离、不放逸、精进、专注而住，不久便证得——这正是善男子正确地从俗家出家为无家者所追求的——无上梵行的究竟。他现世自知、自证、自觉、自证得，并安住其中。他了知："生已尽，梵行已立，所作已办，不受后有。"尊者梵天成为阿罗汉之一。
于是，尊者梵天在上午时分，穿好衣服，拿着钵和衣，进入舍卫城乞食。他在舍卫城挨家挨户乞食时，来到了自己母亲的住处。那时，尊者梵天的母亲，那位婆罗门女，正在不断地向梵天献供。
这时，大梵天王想道："这位尊者梵天的母亲，那位婆罗门女，正在不断地向梵天献供。我何不去接近她，使她震惊呢？"于是，大梵天王犹如力士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样迅速，在梵界消失，出现在尊者梵天母亲的住处。然后，大梵天王站在空中，对尊者梵天的母亲，那位婆罗门女，用偈颂说道：
"婆罗门女啊，梵天界远在彼方，
你却不断地向它献供；
婆罗门女啊，梵天不是这样享用供品，
你不知梵天之道，为何喃喃自语？
婆罗门女啊，这位梵天就是你的儿子，
他已无依，超越诸天，
无所有的比丘，不依赖他人，
他就是进入你家乞食的人。
他值得供养，通达吠陀，修习自己，
是人天应受供养者，
他已除恶，无所染著，
寻求食物，行走自在。
他无过去未来可得，
寂静无烟，无忧无望，
对动静众生已放下刑杖，
让他享用你的上等供品。
他已离群，内心寂静，
如调伏的象，行走不动，
比丘持戒，心善解脱，
让他享用你的上等供品。
对他生起不动摇的信心，
将供养布施给应受供养者，
婆罗门女啊，积累未来的福乐，
看这位已渡瀑流的牟尼。"
"她对他生起不动摇的信心，
将供养布施给应受供养者，
婆罗门女积累了未来的福乐，
看见这位已渡瀑流的牟尼。"
4. 婆迦梵天经

175. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bakassa brahmuno evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti – ‘‘idaṃ niccaṃ, idaṃ dhuvaṃ, idaṃ sassataṃ, idaṃ kevalaṃ, idaṃ acavanadhammaṃ, idañhi na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, ito ca panaññaṃ uttariṃ [uttariṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] nissaraṇaṃ natthī’’ti.

Atha kho bhagavā bakassa brahmuno cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – jetavane antarahito tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahosi. Addasā kho bako brahmā bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ehi kho mārisa, svāgataṃ te, mārisa! Cirassaṃ kho mārisa! Imaṃ pariyāyamakāsi yadidaṃ idhāgamanāya. Idañhi, mārisa, niccaṃ, idaṃ dhuvaṃ, idaṃ sassataṃ, idaṃ kevalaṃ, idaṃ acavanadhammaṃ, idañhi na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati. Ito ca panaññaṃ uttari nissaraṇaṃ natthī’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā bakaṃ brahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘avijjāgato vata, bho, bako brahmā; avijjāgato vata, bho, bako brahmā. Yatra hi nāma aniccaṃyeva samānaṃ niccanti vakkhati, adhuvaṃyeva samānaṃ dhuvanti vakkhati, asassataṃyeva samānaṃ sassatanti vakkhati, akevalaṃyeva samānaṃ kevalanti vakkhati, cavanadhammaṃyeva samānaṃ acavanadhammanti vakkhati. Yattha ca pana jāyati ca jīyati ca mīyati ca cavati ca upapajjati ca, tañca tathā vakkhati – ‘idañhi na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati’. Santañca panaññaṃ uttari nissaraṇaṃ, ‘natthaññaṃ uttari nissaraṇa’nti vakkhatī’’ti.

‘‘Dvāsattati gotama puññakammā,

Vasavattino jātijaraṃ atītā;

Ayamantimā vedagū brahmupapatti,

Asmābhijappanti janā anekā’’ti.

‘‘Appañhi etaṃ na hi dīghamāyu,

Yaṃ tvaṃ baka maññasi dīghamāyuṃ;

Sataṃ sahassānaṃ [sahassāna (syā. kaṃ.)] nirabbudānaṃ,

Āyuṃ pajānāmi tavāhaṃ brahme’’ti.

‘‘Anantadassī bhagavāhamasmi,

Jātijaraṃ sokamupātivatto;

Kiṃ me purāṇaṃ vatasīlavattaṃ,

Ācikkha me taṃ yamahaṃ vijaññā’’ti.

‘‘Yaṃ tvaṃ apāyesi bahū manusse,

Pipāsite ghammani samparete;

Taṃ te purāṇaṃ vatasīlavattaṃ,

Suttappabuddhova anussarāmi.

‘‘Yaṃ eṇikūlasmiṃ janaṃ gahītaṃ,

Amocayī gayhakaṃ nīyamānaṃ;

Taṃ te purāṇaṃ vatasīlavattaṃ,

Suttappabuddhova anussarāmi.

‘‘Gaṅgāya sotasmiṃ gahītanāvaṃ,

Luddena nāgena manussakamyā;

Pamocayittha balasā pasayha,

Taṃ te purāṇaṃ vatasīlavattaṃ,

Suttappabuddhova anussarāmi.

‘‘Kappo ca te baddhacaro ahosiṃ,

Sambuddhimantaṃ [sambuddhivantaṃ (bahūsu)] vatinaṃ amaññi;

Taṃ te purāṇaṃ vatasīlavattaṃ,

Suttappabuddhova anussarāmī’’ti.

‘‘Addhā pajānāsi mametamāyuṃ,

Aññepi [aññampi (sī. pī.)] jānāsi tathā hi buddho;

Tathā hi tyāyaṃ jalitānubhāvo,

Obhāsayaṃ tiṭṭhati brahmaloka’’nti.

5. Aññatarabrahmasuttaṃ



175. 如是我闻：一时，世尊住在舍卫城（Sāvatthī）祇树给孤独园。那时，婆迦梵天生起了这样的恶见："这是常的，这是坚固的，这是永恒的，这是完整的，这是不变法，这里不生、不老、不死、不灭、不再生，除此之外没有其他更高的出离。"
这时，世尊知道了婆迦梵天心中的思惟，犹如力士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样迅速，在祇树园消失，出现在那个梵天界。婆迦梵天远远地看见世尊走来。看见后，对世尊说道："来吧，尊者！欢迎你，尊者！尊者，你很久没来了。这里是常的，这是坚固的，这是永恒的，这是完整的，这是不变法，这里不生、不老、不死、不灭、不再生。除此之外没有其他更高的出离。"
世尊听了这话后，对婆迦梵天说："哎呀，婆迦梵天陷入无明了！哎呀，婆迦梵天陷入无明了！他将无常说成常，将不坚固说成坚固，将非永恒说成永恒，将不完整说成完整，将变化法说成不变法。对于有生、老、死、灭、再生的地方，他却说'这里不生、不老、不死、不灭、不再生'。虽然有其他更高的出离，他却说'没有其他更高的出离'。"
"乔达摩啊，七十二功德业，
我们成为自在者，超越生老；
这是最后的梵天生，为智者所知，
许多人向我们祈祷。"
"这短暂的寿命你以为很长，
婆迦啊，你认为是长寿；
我知道你的寿命，梵天啊，
是十万亿年。"
"世尊啊，我是无限见者，
已超越生老忧愁；
我过去的戒行是什么，
请告诉我，让我知道。"
"你曾在炎热干渴时，
给予许多人饮水；
那是你过去的戒行，
我如从睡中醒来般记得。
在恩尼库拉河岸边，
你解救了被捕的人们；
那是你过去的戒行，
我如从睡中醒来般记得。
在恒河的水流中，
你用力救出一条船，
免于被恶龙吞噬；
那是你过去的戒行，
我如从睡中醒来般记得。
我曾是你的弟子迦波，
以为你是具有正觉的智者；
那是你过去的戒行，
我如从睡中醒来般记得。"
"你确实知道我的寿命，
你也知道其他事，因为你是佛陀；
因此你的威光如此耀眼，
照亮了整个梵天界。"
5. 某梵天经

176. Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa brahmuno evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti – ‘‘natthi so samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā yo idha āgaccheyyā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā tassa brahmuno cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso…pe… tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahosi. Atha kho bhagavā tassa brahmuno upari vehāsaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā.

Atha kho āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa etadahosi – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho bhagavā etarahi viharatī’’ti? Addasā kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno [mahāmoggalāno (ka.)] bhagavantaṃ dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena tassa brahmuno upari vehāsaṃ pallaṅkena nisinnaṃ tejodhātuṃ samāpannaṃ. Disvāna – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – jetavane antarahito tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahosi. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno puratthimaṃ disaṃ nissāya [upanissāya (sī.)] tassa brahmuno upari vehāsaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā nīcataraṃ bhagavato.

Atha kho āyasmato mahākassapassa etadahosi – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho bhagavā etarahi viharatī’’ti? Addasā kho āyasmā mahākassapo bhagavantaṃ dibbena cakkhunā…pe… disvāna – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso…pe… evameva – jetavane antarahito tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahosi. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ nissāya tassa brahmuno upari vehāsaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā nīcataraṃ bhagavato.

Atha kho āyasmato mahākappinassa etadahosi – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho bhagavā etarahi viharatī’’ti? Addasā kho āyasmā mahākappino bhagavantaṃ dibbena cakkhunā…pe… tejodhātuṃ samāpannaṃ. Disvāna – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso…pe… evameva – jetavane antarahito tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahosi. Atha kho āyasmā mahākappino pacchimaṃ disaṃ nissāya tassa brahmuno upari vehāsaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā nīcataraṃ bhagavato.

Atha kho āyasmato anuruddhassa etadahosi – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho bhagavā etarahi viharatī’’ti? Addasā kho āyasmā anuruddho…pe… tejodhātuṃ samāpannaṃ. Disvāna – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso…pe… tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahosi. Atha kho āyasmā anuruddho uttaraṃ disaṃ nissāya tassa brahmuno upari vehāsaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā nīcataraṃ bhagavato.

Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno taṃ brahmānaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –

‘‘Ajjāpi te āvuso sā diṭṭhi, yā te diṭṭhi pure ahu;

Passasi vītivattantaṃ, brahmaloke pabhassara’’nti.

‘‘Na me mārisa sā diṭṭhi, yā me diṭṭhi pure ahu;

Passāmi vītivattantaṃ, brahmaloke pabhassaraṃ;

Svāhaṃ ajja kathaṃ vajjaṃ, ahaṃ niccomhi sassato’’ti.

Atha kho bhagavā taṃ brahmānaṃ saṃvejetvā – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – tasmiṃ brahmaloke antarahito jetavane pāturahosi. Atha kho so brahmā aññataraṃ brahmapārisajjaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, mārisa, yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘atthi nu kho, mārisa moggallāna, aññepi tassa bhagavato sāvakā evaṃmahiddhikā evaṃmahānubhāvā ; seyyathāpi bhavaṃ moggallāno kassapo kappino anuruddho’’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, mārisā’’ti kho so brahmapārisajjo tassa brahmuno paṭissutvā yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘atthi nu kho, mārisa moggallāna, aññepi tassa bhagavato sāvakā evaṃmahiddhikā evaṃmahānubhāvā; seyyathāpi bhavaṃ moggallāno kassapo kappino anuruddho’’ti? Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno taṃ brahmapārisajjaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –

‘‘Tevijjā iddhipattā ca, cetopariyāyakovidā;

Khīṇāsavā arahanto, bahū buddhassa sāvakā’’ti.


176. 舍卫城因缘。那时，某位梵天生起了这样的恶见："没有任何沙门或婆罗门能来到这里。"于是，世尊知道了那位梵天心中的思惟，犹如力士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样迅速，出现在那个梵天界。然后，世尊在那位梵天的上空虚空中结跏趺坐，入火界定。
这时，尊者大目犍连想道："世尊现在住在哪里呢？"尊者大目犍连以清净超人的天眼看见世尊在那位梵天的上空虚空中结跏趺坐，入火界定。看见后，犹如力士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样迅速，在祇树园消失，出现在那个梵天界。然后，尊者大目犍连依东方，在那位梵天的上空虚空中结跏趺坐，入火界定，位置比世尊稍低。
这时，尊者大迦叶想道："世尊现在住在哪里呢？"尊者大迦叶以清净超人的天眼看见......看见后，犹如力士......出现在那个梵天界。然后，尊者大迦叶依南方，在那位梵天的上空虚空中结跏趺坐，入火界定，位置比世尊稍低。
这时，尊者大劫宾那想道："世尊现在住在哪里呢？"尊者大劫宾那以清净超人的天眼看见......入火界定。看见后，犹如力士......出现在那个梵天界。然后，尊者大劫宾那依西方，在那位梵天的上空虚空中结跏趺坐，入火界定，位置比世尊稍低。
这时，尊者阿那律想道："世尊现在住在哪里呢？"尊者阿那律......入火界定。看见后，犹如力士......出现在那个梵天界。然后，尊者阿那律依北方，在那位梵天的上空虚空中结跏趺坐，入火界定，位置比世尊稍低。
然后，尊者大目犍连用偈颂对那位梵天说：
"朋友啊，你今天还有那见解吗，就是你以前有的见解？
你看到了超越梵天界的光明吗？"
"尊者啊，我不再有那见解，就是我以前有的见解；
我看到了超越梵天界的光明；
我今天怎么能说，我是常的、永恒的呢？"
然后，世尊使那位梵天震惊后，犹如力士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样迅速，在那个梵天界消失，出现在祇树园。然后，那位梵天对一位梵天眷属说："来吧，朋友，去尊者大目犍连那里，到了之后对尊者大目犍连这样说：'尊者目犍连啊，那位世尊还有其他像尊者目犍连、迦叶、劫宾那、阿那律这样具有大神通、大威力的弟子吗？'"那位梵天眷属回答说："是的，尊者。"然后去到尊者大目犍连那里，到了之后对尊者大目犍连说："尊者目犍连啊，那位世尊还有其他像尊者目犍连、迦叶、劫宾那、阿那律这样具有大神通、大威力的弟子吗？"然后，尊者大目犍连用偈颂对那位梵天眷属说：
"具三明、得神通、善知他心，
漏尽阿罗汉，佛陀有许多这样的弟子。"


Atha kho so brahmapārisajjo āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā yena so brahmā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ brahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyasmā mārisa, mahāmoggallāno evamāha –

‘‘Tevijjā iddhipattā ca, cetopariyāyakovidā;

Khīṇāsavā arahanto, bahū buddhassa sāvakā’’ti.

Idamavoca so brahmapārisajjo. Attamano ca so brahmā tassa brahmapārisajjassa bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.

6. Brahmalokasuttaṃ

177. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā divāvihāragato hoti paṭisallīno. Atha kho subrahmā ca paccekabrahmā suddhāvāso ca paccekabrahmā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā paccekaṃ dvārabāhaṃ [paccekadvārabāhaṃ (pī. ka.)] upanissāya aṭṭhaṃsu. Atha kho subrahmā paccekabrahmā suddhāvāsaṃ paccekabrahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘akālo kho tāva, mārisa, bhagavantaṃ payirupāsituṃ; divāvihāragato bhagavā paṭisallīno ca. Asuko ca brahmaloko iddho ceva phīto ca, brahmā ca tatra pamādavihāraṃ viharati. Āyāma, mārisa, yena so brahmaloko tenupasaṅkamissāma; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ brahmānaṃ saṃvejeyyāmā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ , mārisā’’ti kho suddhāvāso paccekabrahmā subrahmuno paccekabrahmuno paccassosi.

Atha kho subrahmā ca paccekabrahmā suddhāvāso ca paccekabrahmā – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso…pe… evameva – bhagavato purato antarahitā tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahesuṃ. Addasā kho so brahmā te brahmāno dūratova āgacchante. Disvāna te brahmāno etadavoca – ‘‘handa kuto nu tumhe, mārisā, āgacchathā’’ti? ‘‘Āgatā kho mayaṃ, mārisa, amha tassa bhagavato santikā arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Gaccheyyāsi pana tvaṃ, mārisa, tassa bhagavato upaṭṭhānaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti?

Evaṃ vutto [evaṃ vutte (sī. syā. kaṃ.)] kho so brahmā taṃ vacanaṃ anadhivāsento sahassakkhattuṃ attānaṃ abhinimminitvā subrahmānaṃ paccekabrahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘passasi me no tvaṃ, mārisa, evarūpaṃ iddhānubhāva’’nti? ‘‘Passāmi kho tyāhaṃ, mārisa, evarūpaṃ iddhānubhāva’’nti. ‘‘So khvāhaṃ, mārisa, evaṃmahiddhiko evaṃmahānubhāvo kassa aññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā upaṭṭhānaṃ gamissāmī’’ti?

Atha kho subrahmā paccekabrahmā dvisahassakkhattuṃ attānaṃ abhinimminitvā taṃ brahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘passasi me no tvaṃ, mārisa, evarūpaṃ iddhānubhāva’’nti? ‘‘Passāmi kho tyāhaṃ, mārisa, evarūpaṃ iddhānubhāva’’nti. ‘‘Tayā ca kho, mārisa, mayā ca sveva bhagavā mahiddhikataro ceva mahānubhāvataro ca. Gaccheyyāsi tvaṃ, mārisa, tassa bhagavato upaṭṭhānaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti? Atha kho so brahmā subrahmānaṃ paccekabrahmānaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –

‘‘Tayo supaṇṇā caturo ca haṃsā,

Byagghīnisā pañcasatā ca jhāyino;

Tayidaṃ vimānaṃ jalate ca [jalateva (pī. ka.)] brahme,

Obhāsayaṃ uttarassaṃ disāya’’nti.

‘‘Kiñcāpi te taṃ jalate vimānaṃ,

Obhāsayaṃ uttarassaṃ disāyaṃ;

Rūpe raṇaṃ disvā sadā pavedhitaṃ,

Tasmā na rūpe ramatī sumedho’’ti.

Atha kho subrahmā ca paccekabrahmā suddhāvāso ca paccekabrahmā taṃ brahmānaṃ saṃvejetvā tatthevantaradhāyiṃsu . Agamāsi ca kho so brahmā aparena samayena bhagavato upaṭṭhānaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassāti.

7. Kokālikasuttaṃ

178. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā divāvihāragato hoti paṭisallīno. Atha kho subrahmā ca paccekabrahmā suddhāvāso ca paccekabrahmā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā paccekaṃ dvārabāhaṃ nissāya aṭṭhaṃsu. Atha kho subrahmā paccekabrahmā kokālikaṃ bhikkhuṃ ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –

‘‘Appameyyaṃ paminanto, kodha vidvā vikappaye;

Appameyyaṃ pamāyinaṃ, nivutaṃ taṃ maññe puthujjana’’nti.

8. Katamodakatissasuttaṃ



然后，那位梵天眷属欢喜赞叹尊者大目犍连所说，去到那位梵天那里，到了之后对那位梵天说："尊者，大目犍连这样说：
'具三明、得神通、善知他心，
漏尽阿罗汉，佛陀有许多这样的弟子。'"
那位梵天眷属说了这些。那位梵天也欢喜赞叹梵天眷属所说。
6. 梵天界经
177. 舍卫城因缘。那时，世尊正在午休独处。这时，善梵天独梵和净居天独梵来到世尊那里，到了之后各自依靠一扇门站立。然后，善梵天独梵对净居天独梵说："朋友，现在不是拜见世尊的时候；世尊正在午休独处。某个梵天界富裕繁荣，那里的梵天住于放逸。来吧，朋友，我们去那个梵天界，去了之后使那位梵天震惊。"净居天独梵回答善梵天独梵说："好的，朋友。"
于是，善梵天独梵和净居天独梵犹如力士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样迅速，在世尊面前消失，出现在那个梵天界。那位梵天远远地看见这些梵天们走来。看见后，对这些梵天说："嗨，朋友们，你们从哪里来？"
"朋友，我们是从那位世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者那里来的。朋友，你应该去拜见那位世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者。"
听了这话，那位梵天不同意，变化出一千个自己，对善梵天独梵说："朋友，你看到我这样的神通威力吗？""朋友，我看到你这样的神通威力。""朋友，我有如此大的神通力、如此大的威力，我为什么要去拜见其他沙门或婆罗门呢？"
然后，善梵天独梵变化出两千个自己，对那位梵天说："朋友，你看到我这样的神通威力吗？""朋友，我看到你这样的神通威力。""朋友，那位世尊比你我都有更大的神通力、更大的威力。朋友，你应该去拜见那位世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者。"然后，那位梵天用偈颂对善梵天独梵说：
"三只金翅鸟，四只天鹅，
五百位禅修者，像老虎般的女人；
这宫殿闪耀，梵天啊，
照亮北方。"
"虽然你的宫殿闪耀，
照亮北方；
智者看到色法中的过患，常常战栗，
因此智者不乐于色法。"
然后，善梵天独梵和净居天独梵使那位梵天震惊后，就在那里消失了。后来，那位梵天去拜见世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者。
7. 拘迦利迦经
178. 舍卫城因缘。那时，世尊正在午休独处。这时，善梵天独梵和净居天独梵来到世尊那里，到了之后各自依靠一扇门站立。然后，善梵天独梵关于拘迦利迦比丘，在世尊面前说了这个偈颂：
"智者怎能衡量不可量，
谁能想象不可想象；
我认为衡量不可量者，
是被蒙蔽的凡夫。"
8. 迦多摩达迦提沙经

179. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā divāvihāragato hoti paṭisallīno. Atha kho subrahmā ca paccekabrahmā suddhāvāso ca paccekabrahmā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā paccekaṃ dvārabāhaṃ nissāya aṭṭhaṃsu. Atha kho suddhāvāso paccekabrahmā katamodakatissakaṃ [katamorakatissakaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ.)] bhikkhuṃ ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –

‘‘Appameyyaṃ paminanto, kodha vidvā vikappaye;

Appameyyaṃ pamāyinaṃ, nivutaṃ taṃ maññe akissava’’nti.

9. Turūbrahmasuttaṃ

180. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena kokāliko bhikkhu ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho turū [tudu (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] paccekabrahmā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena kokāliko bhikkhu tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā vehāsaṃ ṭhito kokālikaṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pasādehi, kokālika, sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ. Pesalā sāriputtamoggallānā’’ti. ‘‘Kosi tvaṃ, āvuso’’ti? ‘‘Ahaṃ turū paccekabrahmā’’ti. ‘‘Nanu tvaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā anāgāmī byākato, atha kiñcarahi idhāgato? Passa, yāvañca te idaṃ aparaddha’’nti.

‘‘Purisassa hi jātassa, kuṭhārī [dudhārī (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] jāyate mukhe;

Yāya chindati attānaṃ, bālo dubbhāsitaṃ bhaṇaṃ.

‘‘Yo nindiyaṃ pasaṃsati,

Taṃ vā nindati yo pasaṃsiyo;

Vicināti mukhena so kaliṃ,

Kalinā tena sukhaṃ na vindati.

‘‘Appamattako ayaṃ kali,

Yo akkhesu dhanaparājayo;

Sabbassāpi sahāpi attanā,

Ayameva mahantataro kali;

Yo sugatesu manaṃ padosaye.

‘‘Sataṃ sahassānaṃ nirabbudānaṃ,

Chattiṃsati pañca ca abbudāni;

Yamariyagarahī [yamariye garahī (syā. kaṃ.), yamariyaṃ garahaṃ (ka.)] nirayaṃ upeti,

Vācaṃ manañca paṇidhāya pāpaka’’nti.

10. Kokālikasuttaṃ



179. 舍卫城因缘。那时，世尊正在午休独处。这时，善梵天独梵和净居天独梵来到世尊那里，到了之后各自依靠一扇门站立。然后，净居天独梵关于迦多摩达迦提沙比丘，在世尊面前说了这个偈颂：
"智者怎能衡量不可量，
谁能想象不可想象；
我认为衡量不可量者，
是被蒙蔽的无智者。"
9. 都卢梵天经
180. 舍卫城因缘。那时，拘迦利迦比丘生病了，痛苦严重。这时，都卢独梵在深夜，以殊胜的容色照亮整个祇树园，来到拘迦利迦比丘那里，到了之后站在空中对拘迦利迦比丘说："拘迦利迦，对舍利弗和目犍连生起信心。舍利弗和目犍连是善良的。""朋友，你是谁？""我是都卢独梵。""朋友，世尊不是说你是不还果吗？那你为什么来这里？看看你犯了多大的错误。"
"对于生为人者，口中生利斧，
愚者说恶语，用它砍伤自己。
赞美应受责备者，
或责备应受赞美者，
他用口积累不幸，
因此不幸而得不到快乐。
这是小小的不幸，
在赌博中失去财富，
这才是更大的不幸，
对善逝生起恶意。
一百三十六泥犁地狱，
加上五阿浮陀地狱，
诽谤圣者的人会堕入其中，
因为发出恶语和恶意。"
10. 拘迦利迦经

181. Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho kokāliko bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho kokāliko bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pāpicchā, bhante, sāriputtamoggallānā pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gatā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā kokālikaṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mā hevaṃ, kokālika, avaca; mā hevaṃ, kokālika, avaca. Pasādehi, kokālika, sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ. Pesalā sāriputtamoggallānā’’ti. Dutiyampi kho kokāliko bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiñcāpi me, bhante, bhagavā saddhāyiko paccayiko; atha kho pāpicchāva bhante, sāriputtamoggallānā pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gatā’’ti. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā kokālikaṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mā hevaṃ, kokālika, avaca; mā hevaṃ, kokālika, avaca. Pasādehi, kokālika, sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ. Pesalā sāriputtamoggallānā’’ti. Tatiyampi kho kokāliko bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiñcāpi…pe… icchānaṃ vasaṃ gatā’’ti. Tatiyampi kho bhagavā kokālikaṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mā hevaṃ…pe… pesalā sāriputtamoggallānā’’ti.

Atha kho kokāliko bhikkhu uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Acirapakkantassa ca kokālikassa bhikkhuno sāsapamattīhi pīḷakāhi [piḷakāhi (sī. pī.)] sabbo kāyo phuṭo ahosi. Sāsapamattiyo hutvā muggamattiyo ahesuṃ, muggamattiyo hutvā kalāyamattiyo ahesuṃ, kalāyamattiyo hutvā kolaṭṭhimattiyo ahesuṃ, kolaṭṭhimattiyo hutvā kolamattiyo ahesuṃ, kolamattiyo hutvā āmalakamattiyo ahesuṃ, āmalakamattiyo hutvā beluvasalāṭukamattiyo ahesuṃ, beluvasalāṭukamattiyo hutvā billamattiyo ahesuṃ, billamattiyo hutvā pabhijjiṃsu. Pubbañca lohitañca pagghariṃsu. Atha kho kokāliko bhikkhu teneva ābādhena kālamakāsi . Kālaṅkato ca kokāliko bhikkhu padumaṃ nirayaṃ upapajji sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ āghātetvā.

Atha kho brahmā sahampati abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho brahmā sahampati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kokāliko, bhante, bhikkhu kālaṅkato. Kālaṅkato ca, bhante, kokāliko bhikkhu padumaṃ nirayaṃ upapanno sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ āghātetvā’’ti. Idamavoca brahmā sahampati, idaṃ vatvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyīti.

Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘imaṃ, bhikkhave, rattiṃ brahmā sahampati abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho, bhikkhave, brahmā sahampati maṃ etadavoca – ‘kokāliko, bhante, bhikkhu kālaṅkato. Kālaṅkato ca, bhante, kokāliko bhikkhu padumaṃ nirayaṃ upapanno sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ āghātetvā’ti. Idamavoca, bhikkhave , brahmā sahampati, idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyī’’ti.


181. 舍卫城因缘。这时，拘迦利迦比丘来到世尊那里，到了之后向世尊礼敬，然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的拘迦利迦比丘对世尊说："世尊，舍利弗和目犍连是恶欲者，被恶欲所控制。"
世尊听了这话后对拘迦利迦比丘说："拘迦利迦，不要这样说；拘迦利迦，不要这样说。拘迦利迦，对舍利弗和目犍连生起信心。舍利弗和目犍连是善良的。"
拘迦利迦比丘第二次对世尊说："世尊，虽然我相信世尊是可信的、可靠的，但是世尊，舍利弗和目犍连确实是恶欲者，被恶欲所控制。"
世尊第二次对拘迦利迦比丘说："拘迦利迦，不要这样说；拘迦利迦，不要这样说。拘迦利迦，对舍利弗和目犍连生起信心。舍利弗和目犍连是善良的。"
拘迦利迦比丘第三次对世尊说："虽然......被恶欲所控制。"
世尊第三次对拘迦利迦比丘说："不要这样说......舍利弗和目犍连是善良的。"
然后，拘迦利迦比丘从座位上起身，向世尊礼敬，右绕后离开。拘迦利迦比丘离开不久，他全身长满了芥子大小的疮。芥子大小的疮变成绿豆大小，绿豆大小变成豌豆大小，豌豆大小变成枣核大小，枣核大小变成枣子大小，枣子大小变成余甘子大小，余甘子大小变成未熟的木苹果大小，未熟的木苹果大小变成胆果大小，胆果大小的疮破裂了。脓血流出。这时，拘迦利迦比丘因这病而死去。拘迦利迦比丘死后，因对舍利弗和目犍连怀恨在心，投生到红莲地狱。
这时，大梵天王在深夜，以殊胜的容色照亮整个祇树园，来到世尊那里，到了之后向世尊礼敬，然后站在一旁。站在一旁的大梵天王对世尊说："世尊，拘迦利迦比丘死了。世尊，拘迦利迦比丘死后，因对舍利弗和目犍连怀恨在心，投生到红莲地狱。"大梵天王说了这些话，向世尊礼敬，右绕后就在那里消失了。
然后，世尊在那夜过后对比丘们说："比丘们，昨夜大梵天王在深夜，以殊胜的容色照亮整个祇树园，来到我这里，到了之后向我礼敬，然后站在一旁。比丘们，站在一旁的大梵天王对我说：'世尊，拘迦利迦比丘死了。世尊，拘迦利迦比丘死后，因对舍利弗和目犍连怀恨在心，投生到红莲地狱。'比丘们，大梵天王说了这些话，向我礼敬，右绕后就在那里消失了。"


Evaṃ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kīvadīghaṃ nu kho, bhante, padume niraye āyuppamāṇa’’nti? ‘‘Dīghaṃ kho, bhikkhu, padume niraye āyuppamāṇaṃ. Taṃ na sukaraṃ saṅkhātuṃ – ettakāni vassāni iti vā, ettakāni vassasatāni iti vā, ettakāni vassasahassāni iti vā, ettakāni vassasatasahassāni iti vā’’ti. ‘‘Sakkā pana, bhante, upamaṃ kātu’’nti? ‘‘Sakkā , bhikkhū’’ti bhagavā avoca –

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu vīsatikhāriko kosalako tilavāho. Tato puriso vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena ekamekaṃ tilaṃ uddhareyya; khippataraṃ kho so, bhikkhu, vīsatikhāriko kosalako tilavāho iminā upakkamena parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, na tveva eko abbudo nirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati abbudā nirayā, evameko nirabbudanirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati nirabbudā nirayā, evameko ababo nirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati ababā nirayā, evameko aṭaṭo nirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati aṭaṭā nirayā, evameko ahaho nirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati ahahā nirayā, evameko kumudo nirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati kumudā nirayā, evameko sogandhiko nirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati sogandhikā nirayā, evameko uppalanirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati uppalā nirayā, evameko puṇḍariko nirayo. Seyyathāpi , bhikkhu, vīsati puṇḍarikā nirayā, evameko padumo nirayo. Padume pana, bhikkhu, niraye kokāliko bhikkhu upapanno sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ āghātetvā’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā, idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Purisassa hi jātassa,

Kuṭhārī jāyate mukhe;

Yāya chindati attānaṃ,

Bālo dubbhāsitaṃ bhaṇaṃ.

‘‘Yo nindiyaṃ pasaṃsati,

Taṃ vā nindati yo pasaṃsiyo;

Vicināti mukhena so kaliṃ,

Kalinā tena sukhaṃ na vindati.

‘‘Appamattako ayaṃ kali,

Yo akkhesu dhanaparājayo;

Sabbassāpi sahāpi attanā,

Ayameva mahantaro kali;

Yo sugatesu manaṃ padosaye.

‘‘Sataṃ sahassānaṃ nirabbudānaṃ,

Chattiṃsati pañca ca abbudāni;

Yamariyagarahī nirayaṃ upeti,

Vācaṃ manañca paṇidhāya pāpaka’’nti.

Paṭhamo vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Āyācanaṃ gāravo brahmadevo,

Bako ca brahmā aparā ca diṭṭhi;

Pamādakokālikatissako ca,

Turū ca brahmā aparo ca kokālikoti.

2. Dutiyavaggo

1. Sanaṅkumārasuttaṃ

182. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati sappinītīre. Atha kho brahmā sanaṅkumāro abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ sappinītīraṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho brahmā sanaṅkumāro bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –

‘‘Khattiyo seṭṭho janetasmiṃ, ye gottapaṭisārino;

Vijjācaraṇasampanno, so seṭṭho devamānuse’’ti.

Idamavoca brahmā sanaṅkumāro. Samanuñño satthā ahosi. Atha kho brahmā sanaṅkumāro ‘‘samanuñño me satthā’’ti bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyīti.

2. Devadattasuttaṃ

183. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate acirapakkante devadatte. Atha kho brahmā sahampati abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ gijjhakūṭaṃ pabbataṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho brahmā sahampati devadattaṃ ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –

‘‘Phalaṃ ve kadaliṃ hanti, phalaṃ veḷuṃ phalaṃ naḷaṃ;

Sakkāro kāpurisaṃ hanti, gabbho assatariṃ yathā’’ti.

3. Andhakavindasuttaṃ



听了这话，一位比丘对世尊说："世尊，红莲地狱的寿命有多长？"
"比丘，红莲地狱的寿命很长。不容易计算说有多少年、多少百年、多少千年或多少百千年。"
"世尊，能做个比喻吗？"
"可以，比丘。"世尊说：
"比丘，假设有一个二十佉梨容量的憍萨罗芝麻车。有人每一百年取出一粒芝麻。比丘，用这种方法，那二十佉梨容量的憍萨罗芝麻车会更快地耗尽、用完，而一个阿浮陀地狱的时间还没有过完。比丘，就像二十个阿浮陀地狱等于一个尼罗浮陀地狱。比丘，就像二十个尼罗浮陀地狱等于一个阿波波地狱。比丘，就像二十个阿波波地狱等于一个阿吒吒地狱。比丘，就像二十个阿吒吒地狱等于一个阿哈哈地狱。比丘，就像二十个阿哈哈地狱等于一个青莲地狱。比丘，就像二十个青莲地狱等于一个香莲地狱。比丘，就像二十个香莲地狱等于一个优钵罗地狱。比丘，就像二十个优钵罗地狱等于一个白莲地狱。比丘，就像二十个白莲地狱等于一个红莲地狱。比丘，拘迦利迦比丘因对舍利弗和目犍连怀恨在心，投生到红莲地狱。"
世尊说了这些。说完后，善逝、导师又说了以下偈颂：
"对于生为人者，口中生利斧，
愚者说恶语，用它砍伤自己。
赞美应受责备者，
或责备应受赞美者，
他用口积累不幸，
因此不幸而得不到快乐。
这是小小的不幸，
在赌博中失去财富，
这才是更大的不幸，
对善逝生起恶意。
一百三十六泥犁地狱，
加上五阿浮陀地狱，
诽谤圣者的人会堕入其中，
因为发出恶语和恶意。"
第一品
其摘要：
祈请、恭敬、梵天神、
婆迦梵天、另一见解、
放逸、拘迦利迦、提沙、
都卢梵天、另一拘迦利迦。
2. 第二品
1. 常童子经
182. 如是我闻：一时，世尊住在王舍城（Rājagaha）沙毗尼河岸。这时，常童子梵天在深夜，以殊胜的容色照亮整个沙毗尼河岸，来到世尊那里，到了之后向世尊礼敬，然后站在一旁。站在一旁的常童子梵天在世尊面前说了这个偈颂：
"刹帝利在此世间最高贵，对那些以种姓为依归的人；
具足明行者，在天上人间最高贵。"
常童子梵天说了这些。导师表示同意。然后，常童子梵天想："导师同意我的话"，就向世尊礼敬，右绕后就在那里消失了。
2. 提婆达多经
183. 如是我闻：一时，世尊住在王舍城（Rājagaha）灵鹫山。提婆达多刚离开不久。这时，大梵天王在深夜，以殊胜的容色照亮整个灵鹫山，来到世尊那里，到了之后向世尊礼敬，然后站在一旁。站在一旁的大梵天王关于提婆达多，在世尊面前说了这个偈颂：
"果实毁坏芭蕉，果实毁坏竹子，果实毁坏芦苇，
名利毁坏恶人，如同胎儿毁坏骡子。"
3. 安陀迦温达经

184. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā māgadhesu viharati andhakavinde. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ abbhokāse nisinno hoti, devo ca ekamekaṃ phusāyati. Atha kho brahmā sahampati abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ andhakavindaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho brahmā sahampati bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –

‘‘Sevetha pantāni senāsanāni,

Careyya saṃyojanavippamokkhā;

Sace ratiṃ nādhigaccheyya tattha,

Saṅghe vase rakkhitatto satīmā.

‘‘Kulākulaṃ piṇḍikāya caranto,

Indriyagutto nipako satīmā;

Sevetha pantāni senāsanāni,

Bhayā pamutto abhaye vimutto.

‘‘Yattha bheravā sarīsapā [siriṃ sapā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)],

Vijju sañcarati thanayati devo;

Andhakāratimisāya rattiyā,

Nisīdi tattha bhikkhu vigatalomahaṃso.

‘‘Idañhi jātu me diṭṭhaṃ, nayidaṃ itihītihaṃ;

Ekasmiṃ brahmacariyasmiṃ, sahassaṃ maccuhāyinaṃ.

‘‘Bhiyyo [bhīyo (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] pañcasatā sekkhā, dasā ca dasadhā dasa;

Sabbe sotasamāpannā, atiracchānagāmino.

‘‘Athāyaṃ [atthāyaṃ-itipi dī. ni. 2.290] itarā pajā, puññabhāgāti me mano;

Saṅkhātuṃ nopi sakkomi, musāvādassa ottapa’’nti [ottapeti (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.), ottappeti (ka.)].

4. Aruṇavatīsuttaṃ



184. 一时，世尊住在摩揭陀国（Magadha）的安陀迦温达。那时，世尊在漆黑的夜晚坐在露天，天空正在下着细雨。这时，大梵天王在深夜，以殊胜的容色照亮整个安陀迦温达，来到世尊那里，到了之后向世尊礼敬，然后站在一旁。站在一旁的大梵天王在世尊面前说了这些偈颂：
"应当亲近偏僻的住处，
为解脱束缚而行道；
如果在那里得不到喜悦，
就住在僧团中，守护自己，保持正念。
从一家到一家乞食，
守护诸根，谨慎，保持正念；
应当亲近偏僻的住处，
解脱恐惧，解脱无畏。
在那里有可怕的爬行动物，
闪电闪耀，雷声轰鸣；
在漆黑的夜晚，
比丘坐在那里，毫无恐惧。
这确实是我亲眼所见，不是道听途说；
在一个梵行中，
有一千人超越了死亡。
还有五百多学人，以及一百位；
他们都已入流，超越了畜生道。
至于其他的众生，我想他们也有功德；
我不敢计算，怕说妄语。"
4. 阿卢那瓦提经

185. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā ahosi aruṇavā nāma. Rañño kho pana, bhikkhave, aruṇavato aruṇavatī nāma rājadhānī ahosi. Aruṇavatiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, rājadhāniṃ [aruṇavatiyaṃ kho pana bhikkhave rājadhāniyaṃ (pī. ka.)] sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho upanissāya vihāsi. Sikhissa kho pana, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa abhibhūsambhavaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho abhibhuṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘āyāma, brāhmaṇa, yena aññataro brahmaloko tenupasaṅkamissāma, yāva bhattassa kālo bhavissatī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bhante’ti kho bhikkhave, abhibhū bhikkhu sikhissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paccassosi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho abhibhū ca bhikkhu – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – aruṇavatiyā rājadhāniyā antarahitā tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahesuṃ.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho abhibhuṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘paṭibhātu, brāhmaṇa, taṃ brahmuno ca brahmaparisāya ca brahmapārisajjānañca dhammī kathā’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bhante’ti kho, bhikkhave, abhibhū bhikkhu sikhissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paṭissutvā, brahmānañca brahmaparisañca brahmapārisajje ca dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmā ca brahmaparisā ca brahmapārisajjā ca ujjhāyanti khiyyanti [khīyanti (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] vipācenti – ‘acchariyaṃ vata , bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho, kathañhi nāma satthari sammukhībhūte sāvako dhammaṃ desessatī’’’ti !

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho abhibhuṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘ujjhāyanti kho te, brāhmaṇa, brahmā ca brahmaparisā ca brahmapārisajjā ca – acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho, kathañhi nāma satthari sammukhībhūte sāvako dhammaṃ desessatīti! Tena hi tvaṃ brāhmaṇa, bhiyyosomattāya brahmānañca brahmaparisañca brahmapārisajje ca saṃvejehī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bhante’ti kho, bhikkhave, abhibhū bhikkhu sikhissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paṭissutvā dissamānenapi kāyena dhammaṃ desesi, adissamānenapi kāyena dhammaṃ desesi, dissamānenapi heṭṭhimena upaḍḍhakāyena adissamānena uparimena upaḍḍhakāyena dhammaṃ desesi, dissamānenapi uparimena upaḍḍhakāyena adissamānena heṭṭhimena upaḍḍhakāyena dhammaṃ desesi. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmā ca brahmaparisā ca brahmapārisajjā ca acchariyabbhutacittajātā ahesuṃ – ‘acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho, samaṇassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā’’’ti!

‘‘Atha kho abhibhū bhikkhu sikhiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘abhijānāmi khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhikkhusaṅghassa majjhe evarūpiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā – pahomi khvāhaṃ āvuso, brahmaloke ṭhito sahassilokadhātuṃ [sahassīlokadhātuṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] sarena viññāpetu’nti. ‘Etassa, brāhmaṇa, kālo, etassa, brāhmaṇa, kālo; yaṃ tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, brahmaloke ṭhito sahassilokadhātuṃ sarena viññāpeyyāsī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bhante’ti kho, bhikkhave, abhibhū bhikkhu sikhissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paṭissutvā brahmaloke ṭhito imā gāthāyo abhāsi –

‘‘Ārambhatha [ārabbhatha (sabbattha)] nikkamatha [nikkhamatha (sī. pī.)], yuñjatha buddhasāsane;

Dhunātha maccuno senaṃ, naḷāgāraṃva kuñjaro.

‘‘Yo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye, appamatto vihassati;

Pahāya jātisaṃsāraṃ, dukkhassantaṃ karissatī’’ti.


185. 如是我闻：一时，世尊住在舍卫城（Sāvatthī）......在那里，世尊对比丘们说："比丘们。"那些比丘回答说："尊者。"世尊说：
"比丘们，从前有一位国王名叫阿卢那瓦。比丘们，阿卢那瓦王有一个名叫阿卢那瓦提的王城。比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者依靠阿卢那瓦提王城而住。比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者有一对名叫阿毗浮和三婆瓦的上首弟子，是最殊胜的一对。这时，比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者对阿毗浮比丘说：'来吧，婆罗门，我们去某个梵天界，直到用餐时间。'比丘们，阿毗浮比丘回答尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者说：'是的，尊者。'然后，比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者和阿毗浮比丘，就像强壮的人伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样迅速，在阿卢那瓦提王城消失，出现在那个梵天界。
"这时，比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者对阿毗浮比丘说：'婆罗门，请你为梵天、梵天众和梵天眷属说法。'比丘们，阿毗浮比丘回答尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者说：'是的，尊者。'然后为梵天、梵天众和梵天眷属开示、劝导、鼓励、令欢喜。这时，比丘们，梵天、梵天众和梵天眷属抱怨、不满、责备说：'真是奇怪啊，真是稀有啊，怎么会在导师在场的情况下，弟子来说法呢？'
"这时，比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者对阿毗浮比丘说：'婆罗门，梵天、梵天众和梵天眷属抱怨、不满、责备说：真是奇怪啊，真是稀有啊，怎么会在导师在场的情况下，弟子来说法呢？那么，婆罗门，你更应该使梵天、梵天众和梵天眷属感到震惊。''是的，尊者。'比丘们，阿毗浮比丘回答尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者后，以可见的身体说法，以不可见的身体说法，以可见的下半身和不可见的上半身说法，以可见的上半身和不可见的下半身说法。这时，比丘们，梵天、梵天众和梵天眷属感到惊奇、稀有：'真是奇妙啊，真是稀有啊，沙门的神通力和威力如此之大！'
"这时，阿毗浮比丘对尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者说：'尊者，我记得我在比丘僧团中说过这样的话：朋友们，我能站在梵天界，用声音使千世界系知道。''婆罗门，现在是时候了，婆罗门，现在是时候了；你站在梵天界，用声音使千世界系知道吧。''是的，尊者。'比丘们，阿毗浮比丘回答尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者后，站在梵天界说了这些偈颂：
'奋起努力吧，精进于佛陀教法，
摧毁死魔军，如象破芦屋。
谁在此法律中，不放逸而住，
舍弃生死轮回，将终结痛苦。'"


‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī ca bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho abhibhū ca bhikkhu brahmānañca brahmaparisañca brahmapārisajje ca saṃvejetvā – seyyathāpi nāma…pe… tasmiṃ brahmaloke antarahitā aruṇavatiyā rājadhāniyā pāturahesuṃ. Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘assuttha no, tumhe, bhikkhave, abhibhussa bhikkhuno brahmaloke ṭhitassa gāthāyo bhāsamānassā’ti? ‘Assumha kho mayaṃ, bhante, abhibhussa bhikkhuno brahmaloke ṭhitassa gāthāyo bhāsamānassā’ti. ‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tumhe, bhikkhave, assuttha abhibhussa bhikkhuno brahmaloke ṭhitassa gāthāyo bhāsamānassā’’’ti? Evaṃ kho mayaṃ, bhante, assumha abhibhussa bhikkhuno brahmaloke ṭhitassa gāthāyo bhāsamānassa –

‘‘Ārambhatha nikkamatha, yuñjatha buddhasāsane;

Dhunātha maccuno senaṃ, naḷāgāraṃva kuñjaro.

‘‘Yo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye, appamatto vihassati;

Pahāya jātisaṃsāraṃ, dukkhassantaṃ karissatī’’ti.

‘‘‘Evaṃ kho mayaṃ, bhante, assumha abhibhussa bhikkhuno brahmaloke ṭhitassa gāthāyo bhāsamānassā’ti. ‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhave; sādhu kho tumhe, bhikkhave! Assuttha abhibhussa bhikkhuno brahmaloke ṭhitassa gāthāyo bhāsamānassā’’’ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā, attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.

5. Parinibbānasuttaṃ



"然后，比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者和阿毗浮比丘使梵天、梵天众和梵天眷属感到震惊后，就像......在那个梵天界消失，出现在阿卢那瓦提王城。这时，比丘们，尸弃世尊、阿罗汉、正等正觉者对比丘们说：'比丘们，你们听到阿毗浮比丘站在梵天界说偈颂吗？''尊者，我们听到阿毗浮比丘站在梵天界说偈颂。''比丘们，你们是怎么听到阿毗浮比丘站在梵天界说偈颂的？''尊者，我们是这样听到阿毗浮比丘站在梵天界说偈颂的：
奋起努力吧，精进于佛陀教法，
摧毁死魔军，如象破芦屋。
谁在此法律中，不放逸而住，
舍弃生死轮回，将终结痛苦。
'尊者，我们是这样听到阿毗浮比丘站在梵天界说偈颂的。''很好，很好，比丘们；比丘们，你们很好地听到了阿毗浮比丘站在梵天界说偈颂。'"
世尊说了这些。那些比丘欢喜、随喜世尊所说。
5. 般涅槃经

186. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kusinārāyaṃ viharati upavattane mallānaṃ sālavane antarena yamakasālānaṃ parinibbānasamaye. Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘handa dāni, bhikkhave , āmantayāmi vo – ‘vayadhammā saṅkhārā, appamādena sampādethā’ti. Ayaṃ tathāgatassa pacchimā vācā’’.

Atha kho bhagavā paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ [paṭhamajjhānaṃ (syā. kaṃ.) evaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ iccādīsupi] samāpajji. Paṭhamā jhānā [paṭhamajjhānā (syā. kaṃ.) evaṃ dutiyā jhānā iccādīsupi] vuṭṭhahitvā dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Dutiyā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Tatiyā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā catutthaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Catutthā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Ākāsānañcāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Viññāṇañcāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Ākiñcaññāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajji.

Saññāvedayitanirodhā vuṭṭhahitvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Ākiñcaññāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Viññāṇañcāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Ākāsānañcāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā catutthaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Catutthā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Tatiyā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Dutiyā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Paṭhamā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Dutiyā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Tatiyā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā catutthaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Catutthā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā samanantaraṃ bhagavā parinibbāyi. Parinibbute bhagavati saha parinibbānā brahmā sahampati imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –

‘‘Sabbeva nikkhipissanti, bhūtā loke samussayaṃ;

Yattha etādiso satthā, loke appaṭipuggalo;

Tathāgato balappatto, sambuddho parinibbuto’’ti.

Parinibbute bhagavati saha parinibbānā sakko devānamindo imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –

‘‘Aniccā vata saṅkhārā, uppādavayadhammino;

Uppajjitvā nirujjhanti, tesaṃ vūpasamo sukho’’ti.

Parinibbute bhagavati saha parinibbānā āyasmā ānando imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –

‘‘Tadāsi yaṃ bhiṃsanakaṃ, tadāsi lomahaṃsanaṃ;

Sabbākāravarūpete, sambuddhe parinibbute’’ti.

Parinibbute bhagavati saha parinibbānā āyasmā anuruddho imā gāthāyo abhāsi –

‘‘Nāhu assāsapassāso, ṭhitacittassa tādino;

Anejo santimārabbha, cakkhumā parinibbuto [yaṃ kālamakarī muni (mahāparinibbānasutte)].

‘‘Asallīnena cittena, vedanaṃ ajjhavāsayi;

Pajjotasseva nibbānaṃ, vimokkho cetaso ahū’’ti.

Dutiyo vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Brahmāsanaṃ devadatto, andhakavindo aruṇavatī;

Parinibbānena ca desitaṃ, idaṃ brahmapañcakanti.


186. 一时，世尊住在拘尸那罗（Kusinārā）城附近末罗族人的沙罗双树间的优婆跋单娜沙罗林中，即将入般涅槃。这时，世尊对比丘们说："比丘们，现在我告诉你们：'诸行无常，当勤精进。'这是如来最后的话。"
然后世尊进入初禅。从初禅出来后，进入二禅。从二禅出来后，进入三禅。从三禅出来后，进入四禅。从四禅出来后，进入空无边处定。从空无边处定出来后，进入识无边处定。从识无边处定出来后，进入无所有处定。从无所有处定出来后，进入非想非非想处定。从非想非非想处定出来后，进入想受灭尽定。
从想受灭尽定出来后，进入非想非非想处定。从非想非非想处定出来后，进入无所有处定。从无所有处定出来后，进入识无边处定。从识无边处定出来后，进入空无边处定。从空无边处定出来后，进入四禅。从四禅出来后，进入三禅。从三禅出来后，进入二禅。从二禅出来后，进入初禅。从初禅出来后，进入二禅。从二禅出来后，进入三禅。从三禅出来后，进入四禅。从四禅出来后，世尊立即入般涅槃。
世尊入般涅槃时，大梵天王说了这个偈颂：
"世间一切生命，都将舍弃身躯；
如此无与伦比，世间最胜导师；
如来具大威力，正觉已涅槃。"
世尊入般涅槃时，帝释天王说了这个偈颂：
"诸行实无常，是生灭之法；
生已还灭去，寂灭乃为乐。"
世尊入般涅槃时，尊者阿难说了这个偈颂：
"那时真可怕，那时令人毛骨悚然；
具足一切殊胜相好，正觉已涅槃。"
世尊入般涅槃时，尊者阿那律说了这些偈颂：
"已无呼吸，心已止息；
不动寂静，具眼者涅槃。
以不退缩之心，忍受痛苦；
如灯熄灭，心得解脱。"
第二品
其摘要：
梵天座、提婆达多、安陀迦温达、阿卢那瓦提；
以及般涅槃所说，这是梵天五经。


Brahmasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ. [ito paraṃ marammapotthakesu evampi dissati –§brahmāyācanaṃ agāravañca, brahmadevo bako ca brahmā.§aññataro ca brahmākokālikañca, tissakañca turū ca§brahmā kokālikabhikkhu, sanaṅkumārena devadattaṃ.§andhakavindaṃ aruṇavati, parinibbānena pannarasāti]

梵天相应完结。[此后，在缅甸版中还可见到以下内容：
梵天请求和不恭敬，
梵天神和婆迦梵天。
某位梵天和拘迦利迦，
以及提沙和都卢梵天。
梵天和拘迦利迦比丘，
常童子和提婆达多。
安陀迦温达和阿卢那瓦提，
以及般涅槃，共十五经。]


